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Patent Cooperation Treaty Yearly Review 2018

In 2018, the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) system, administered by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), reached several historical milestones in international patent filings. 2018 Key Statistics & Trends Record Filings: Global PCT applications reached a record high of approximately 253,000, representing a 3.9% increase over 2017. Asian Dominance: For the first time, more than half (50.5%) of all PCT applications originated from Asia, primarily driven by China and Japan. Top Filing Countries: United States: 56,158 applications (largest source). China: Grew at the fastest rate, accounting for 21.1% of all applications. Japan, Germany, and Republic of Korea followed as major sources. Top Applicants: Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. was the leading individual filer with 5,405 applications, followed by Mitsubishi Electric (2,812) and Intel (2,499).

Staatsrecht II: Grundrechte

Zum Werk Dieses Werk behandelt mit den im Grundgesetz gewährleisteten Grundrechten einen wesentlichen Bereich des Staatsrechts. Dabei wird der Studierende nicht nur mit dem Schutzbereich der einzelnen Grundrechte und ihren Schranken vertraut gemacht, vielmehr stellt der Autor auch das System der Grundrechte dar. Die Zusammenhänge sowie der Aufbau der Grundrechte in der Klausur werden damit besonders plastisch. Die einzelnen Grundrechte werden in der im Grundgesetz vorgegebenen Reihenfolge behandelt. Zahlreiche Beispiele und Klausurenhinweise ermöglichen ein schnelles Verständnis der komplexen grundrechtlichen Strukturen und eine leichte Umsetzung des erlernten Stoffs. Vorteile auf einen Blick - systematische Darstellung der Grundrechte anhand von Schutzbereich, Eingriff und Rechtfertigung beispielhaft und leicht verständlich - mit zahlreichen Fällen und Lösungen - ideal für das Lernen in den Anfangsemestern und für die schnelle Wiederholung Zur Neuauflage

A Practical Guide to Constitution Building: The Design of the Legislature

A Practical Guide to Constitution Building: The Design of the Legislature (Chapter 5, International IDEA, 2011) provides a comprehensive framework for designing legislative bodies, balancing representation with functional efficiency. It explores models (unicameral/bicameral), institutional design options, such as quotas and oversight mechanisms, and the legislature's role in law-making and checking the executive. Key Aspects of Legislative Design Models of Legislature: The guide outlines different systems, including unicameral (one chamber) and bicameral (two chambers), exploring their respective strengths and weaknesses. Representation and Structure: Strategies to ensure a legislature reflects societal diversity include using reserved seats, candidate quotas, and specific electoral systems.

A Practical guide to Constitution building: The Design of the Judicial Branch

"A Practical Guide to Constitution Building: The Design of the Judicial Branch" is a chapter within a larger publication by International IDEA (Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance) and is also available through the UN Peacemaker website. It provides an in-depth analysis of key considerations and options for designing the judicial branch during a constitution-building process. Core Topics The guide explores several critical aspects of designing the judiciary, emphasizing that no single branch operates in isolation and a balance of power is necessary: Powers of the Judiciary: Discusses core functions, including the critical role of constitutional review and the variations between systems (e.g., the decentralized "American model" versus the centralized "European model"). Special Circumstances: Examines the role of courts in specific, high-stakes situations, such as within the electoral process or during states of emergency. Judicial Independence and Accountability: Analyzes how to balance independence with accountability, considering mechanisms for the selection, removal, and term limits of judges. Legal Pluralism: Addresses the incorporation of more than one legal tradition or system within the constitutional framework.

A Practical guide to Constitution building: An Introduction

A Practical Guide to Constitution Building: An Introduction is Chapter 1 of the publication A Practical Guide to Constitution Building by International IDEA, which serves as a foundational resource for understanding the complexities of contemporary constitution building processes. The full guide, including this introductory chapter, is available in PDF and e-book formats online. Overview of the Guide The entire publication provides a comprehensive foundation for understanding constitutions and constitution-building, moving beyond mere drafting to encompass the long-term process of establishing institutions, giving legal effect to the constitution, and implementation. It uses an analytical framework across its chapters to provide insights into the forces that shape constitutional development in various contexts, including those affected by conflict.

A Practical guide to Constitution building: Decentralized Forms of Government

This publication aims to respond to the knowledge gaps faced by politicians, policymakers and practitioners involved in contemporary constitution building. Its principal aim is to provide a firstclass tool drawing on lessons from recent practice and trends in constitution building. It is divided into chapters which can be read as individual segments, while the use of a consistent analytical framework across each chapter provides a deeper understanding of the range of issues and forces at play in processes of constitutional development. The Practical Guide to Constitution Building reflects how fundamental constitution building is to the creation of sustainable democracy. Constitution building is a long-term and historical process and is not confined to the period when a constitution is actually written. While focusing on constitutions as key documents in themselves, this publication stresses understanding constitutional systems as a whole, including the relevant principles (chapter 2) and the need to build a culture of human rights (chapter 3), as well as the provisions for institutional design (chapters 4 to 6) and decentralized forms of government (chapter 7). It does not offer a blueprint or model for constitutions, but draws lessons from recent practice and knowledge. Among those lessons is that constitutions may well say one thing on paper but work differently in practice.

A Practical guide to Constitution building: The Design of the Executive Branch

This publication aims to respond to the knowledge gaps faced by politicians, policymakers and practitioners involved in contemporary constitution building. Its principal aim is to provide a firstclass tool drawing on lessons from recent practice and trends in constitution building. It is divided into chapters which can be read as individual segments, while the use of a consistent analytical framework across each chapter provides a deeper understanding of the range of issues and forces at play in processes of constitutional development. The Practical Guide to Constitution Building reflects how fundamental constitution building is to the creation of sustainable democracy. Constitution building is a long-term and historical process and is not confined to the period when a constitution is actually written. While focusing on constitutions as key documents in themselves, this publication stresses understanding constitutional systems as a whole, including the relevant principles (chapter 2) and the need to build a culture of human rights (chapter 3), as well as the provisions for institutional design (chapters 4 to 6) and decentralized forms of government (chapter 7). It does not offer a blueprint or model for constitutions, but draws lessons from recent practice and knowledge. Among those lessons is that constitutions may well say one thing on paper but work differently in practice

A Practical guide to Constitution building: Building a Culture of Human Rights

International IDEA's "A Practical Guide to Constitution Building", specifically the chapter on "Building a Culture of Human Rights," outlines how to embed human rights into the core of a state's legal and political structure. It emphasizes that a human rights culture requires official decisions to maximize these rights, often through inclusive processes, addressing past violations, and balancing international standards with local contexts. Key Aspects of Building a Human Rights Culture: Definition & Goal: A culture where society and officials value human rights, and where official decisions aim to maximize them. Process & Design: The method of drafting (e.g., participatory, inclusive) and the type of constitution (e.g., supreme law, bill of rights) heavily influence the resulting human rights culture.

A Practical guide to Constitution building: Principles and Cross-cutting Themes

International IDEA’s Practical Guide to Constitution Building provides a framework for designing sustainable, context-sensitive constitutions, focusing on principles (values, preamble, directive principles) and cross-cutting themes like democracy, rule of law, diversity, and gender. It serves as a tool for practitioners to navigate complex, long-term, and often post-conflict political compromises. Key Aspects of Constitutional Principles and Themes Role of Principles: These embody foundational values, create political agreement, and guide the interpretation of the constitution, often influencing court decisions even if not strictly binding. Types of Principles: The Guide distinguishes between directive principles (often non-binding goals) and derived principles (unwritten or implied). Cross-cutting Themes: Essential themes include democratic governance (e.g., regular elections), rule of law, management of diversity, and the integration of international law. Gender and Equality: The Guide addresses how to integrate principles regarding gender, religion, and diversity to ensure inclusive governance.

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Steuerrecht 18. völlig überarbeitete Auflage

Das Buch "Steuerrecht" von Klaus Tipke und Joachim Lang in der 18. völlig überarbeiteten Auflage wurde im Jahr 2005 veröffentlicht. Details zur Auflage Autoren: Das Werk wurde ursprünglich von Klaus Tipke begründet und von Joachim Lang fortgeführt bzw. überarbeitet. Erscheinungsjahr: Die 18. Auflage wurde 2005 publiziert. Verlag: Das Buch erschien im Verlag Dr. Otto Schmidt KG, Köln. Inhalt: Es handelt sich um ein Standardwerk, das für seine systematische Darstellung der gesamten Rechtsmaterie und die Erläuterung der Funktionsweise des Steuerrechts anhand der zugrunde liegenden Prinzipien bekannt ist. Es beleuchtet auch die Wechselwirkungen zum Zivilrecht. ISBN: Eine der assoziierten ISBNs für diese Ausgabe ist 3504201398. Das Buch ist primär als gebrauchtes oder antiquarisches Exemplar erhältlich, da inzwischen aktuellere Auflagen erschienen sind.

The social and Ecological Market Economy - a model for asian development

This collection of articles by GTZ practitioners, provide examples of how elements of the social and ecological market economy are reflected in the portfolio of German development cooperation in the region and also reflect on what needs to be done to develop this further. These articles are complemented by the perspective of German researchers and policy advisors, who reflect on the current reform debate in Germany, and the perspective of Asian partner country representatives, who outline their own understanding of why the German model may be of relevance to sustainable development in their countries – using the model not as a blueprint, but as a starting point for dialogue. An introductory section sets the framework by outlining the different elements of the social and ecological market economy and by reflecting on GTZ's corporate philosophy in relation to the model.

Mustertexte zum Zivilproyess.Band I. 6. Auflage

Das Werk „Mustertexte zum Zivilprozess Band I: Erkenntnisverfahren erster Instanz“ ist ein Standardwerk für die juristische Ausbildung und Praxis. Es erscheint in der JuS-Schriftenreihe (Band 60) im Verlag C.H.Beck. Hier sind die Details zur 6. Auflage sowie zum aktuellen Stand: Details zur 6. Auflage Herausgeber/Autoren: Begründet von Otto Tempel; fortgeführt von Clemens Theimer und Anette Theimer. Erscheinungsjahr: Die 6. Auflage erschien im Jahr 2006. Inhalt: Der Band enthält praxisorientierte Muster für das erstinstanzliche Erkenntnisverfahren, darunter Verfügungen, Beweisbeschlüsse und Urteilsformeln.