For generous comments on earlier versions of this casebook, we are grateful to Michael Abramowicz, Bernard Chao, Thomas Cotter, Tabrez Ebrahim, Janet Freilich, Dmitry Karshtedt, Amy Landers, Mark Lemley, Doug Melamed, Amy Motomura, Jason Rantanen, Jason Reinecke, David Schwartz, Jacob Sherkow, Marketa Trimble, Heidi Williams, Stephen Yelderman, Samantha Zyontz, and participants at the Notre Dame Patent Colloquium. Special thanks to the Honorable Timothy B. Dyk for his time and thoughtful suggestions. Thanks also to Gabrielle Dohmen, Hayk Esaghoulyan, Mila Gauvin, Trip Henningson, Yiwei Jiang, Casey Lincoln, Yiming Sun, and Elizabeth Trujillo for extraordinary research assistance. We would like to thank Kavita, Kiran, and Alice for their inspiring and unending curiosity. We hope that your love of science never fades and your love of law never grows.