This monograph is dedicated to the theoretical and legal foundations of the role of interpreters in criminal proceedings, the requirements for interpreters and translation in criminal proceedings, participants in the process who are entitled to be provided with an interpreter, the specific aspects of translating gestures of the deaf or mute, the participation of interpreters in the pre-trial and trial stages of criminal proceedings, and issues related to the principle of language. This monograph is intended for professors, researchers, staff members, students, listeners, as well as investigators, prosecutors, and judges.