This monograph examines the concepts of big data and artificial intelligence from the perspective of medical practice, their meaning and role in the healthcare system, current practices in their application, the legal complexities of their application, and existing legal regulatory frameworks. At the same time, the legislation of various countries in the field of data protection was analyzed, along with civil law rules relating to personal data. Legislative acts and related law enforcement practices of some foreign countries in the field of application of digital technologies in medicine were studied in detail, and proposals were developed for further improvement of national legislation in this area. This monograph is intended for students, undergraduates, researchers, and teachers of law schools and faculties, as well as other educational institutions specializing in the field of law, as well as legal practitioners.