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Atrof muhitni muhofaza qilish. Ekologiya
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Avtomatika. Hisoblash texnikasi
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Probability on Trees and Networks
Starting around the late 1950s, several research communities began relating the geometry of graphs to stochastic processes on these graphs. This book, twenty years in the making, ties together research in the field, encompassing work on percolation, isoperimetric inequalities, eigenvalues, transition probabilities, and random walks. Written by two leading researchers, the text emphasizes intuition, while giving complete proofs and more than 850 exercises. Many recent developments, in which the authors have played a leading role, are discussed, including percolation on trees and Cayley graphs, uniform spanning forests, the mass-transport technique, and connections on random walks on graphs to embedding in Hilbert space. This state-of-the-art account of probability on networks will be indispensable for graduate students and researchers alike.
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Programming for Computations MATLAB/Octave
This book presents computer programming as a key method for solving mathematical problems. There are two versions of the book, one for MATLAB and one for Python. The book was inspired by the Springer book TCSE 6: A Primer on Scientific Programming with Python (by Langtangen), but the style is more accessible and concise, in keeping with the needs of engineering students. The book outlines the shortest possible path from no previous experience with programming to a set of skills that allows the students to write simple programs for solving common mathematical problems with numerical methods in engineering and science courses. The emphasis is on generic algorithms, clean design of programs, use of functions, and automatic tests for verification.
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Агрохимия
Агрохимиянинг қишлоқ хўжалик амалиётга татбиқи, асосан, саноатда ишлаб чиқариладиган ва маҳаллий турли-туман ўғитлардан самарали фойдаланиш йўналишида амалга оширилади.
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Вопросы строительной механики пространственных систем на транспорте и в строительстве
Тонкостенные пространственные конструкции типа оболочек находят все более широкое применение в различный области техники. Особое значение приобретает применение пологих оболочек в строительстве в виде покрытий в перекрытий промышленных зданий и сооружений. Конструкции этого типа привлекают своей архитектурной выразительностью, экономичностью н позволяют сокращать сроки строительства объектов
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Progress in mathematical ecology
Mathematical ecology is an area of applied mathematics concerned with the application of mathematical concepts, tools and techniques, usually in the form of mathematical models, to problems arising in population dynamics, ecology and evolution. This Special Issue is designed to provide a snapshot of the state of the art in mathematical ecology. Topics of interest are (in no particular order) biological invasions, biological control, ecological pattern formation, ecologically relevant multiscale models, food webs, individual movement and dispersal, eco-epidemiology, evolutionary ecology, agroecosystems, regime shifts and early warning signals, synchronization and chaos. The list is inclusive rather than exclusive, and a few other relevant topics will also be considered.
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Proofs and concepts the fundamenract mathematicstals of abst
This free undergraduate textbook provides an introduction to proofs, logic, sets, functions, and other fundamental topics of abstract mathematics. It is designed to be the textbook for a bridge course that introduces undergraduates to abstract mathematics, but it is also suitable for independent study by undergraduates (or mathematically mature high-school students), or for use as a very inexpensive supplement to undergraduate courses in any field of abstract mathematics.
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Pythagorean Theorem History, Applications, and Proofs
More than 2,500 years ago, around 530 BCE, a man by the name of Pythagoras founded a school in modern southeast Italy. Members of the school, which was actually more of a brotherhood, were bound by a pledge of allegiance to their master Pythagoras and took an oath of silence to not divulge secret discoveries. Pythagoreans shared a common belief in the supremacy of numbers, using them to describe and understand everything from music to the physical universe. Studying a wide range of intellectual disciplines, Pythagoreans made a multitude of discoveries, many of which were attributed to Pythagoras himself. No records remain of the actual discoverer, so the identity of the true discoverer may never be known. Perhaps the most famous of the Pythagoreans’ contributions to knowledge is proving what has come to be known as the Pythagorean Theorem.
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Avtomatik transmissiyalar: Gidromexanik uzatmalar qo'shaloq ilashmali va variatorli avtomatik transmissiyalar
Kitobda zamonaviy avtomobillarning avtomatik uzatmalar qutilarining uzilishi, konstruksiyasining o'ziga xos tomonlari, ishlash prinsiplari va yuzaga kelishi mumkin bo'lgan nosozliklarni aniqlash yoritilgan. Kitob kasb-hunar kolleji o'quvchilari, haydovchi tayorlovchi avtomaktab talabalariga va o'qituvchi xodimlarga mo'ljallangan bo'lib, undan avlomobil transporti sohasida tahsil olayotgan oliy o'quv yurtlarining talabalari ham foydalanishlari mumkin.
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Quaternions and Clifford Geometric Algebras
In mathematics, the quaternions are a number system that extends the complex numbers. They were first described by Irish mathematician William Rowan Hamilton in 1843 and applied to mechanics in three-dimensional space. A feature of quaternions is that multiplication of two quaternions is noncommutative. Hamilton defined a quaternion as the quotient of two directed lines in a three-dimensional space or equivalently as the quotient of two vectors. Quaternions find uses in both theoretical and applied mathematics, in particular for calculations involving three-dimensional rotations such as in three-dimensional computer graphics, computer vision and crystallographic texture analysis. In practical applications, they can be used alongside other methods, such as Euler angles and rotation matrices, or as an alternative to them, depending on the application.
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Real Analysis
This second edition of Real Analysis contains all the material of the first edition originally published by Prentice Hall (Pearson) in 1997, with corrections and revisions and in a new format. For further information on this title and others in the series visit our website. There are pdf files of all of our texts freely available for download as well as instructions on how to order trade paperback copies. In this chapter we provide a review and historical sampling of much of the background needed to embark on a study of the theory of measure, integration, and functional analysis. The setting here is the real line. In later chapters we place most of the theory in an abstract measure space or in a metric space, but the ideas all originate in the situation on the real line. The reader will have a background in elementary analysis, including such ideas as continuity, uniform conti-nuity, convergence, uniform convergence, and sequence limits.
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Recent advances in experimental studies of social dilemma games
The articles in this volume collectively represent the latest advances in how people think of social dilemma problems, how we may be able to enhance cooperation and reduce free-riding in such problems and how we can extend the lessons learned to a host of other similar issues facing us. We have learned, for instance, that a "take" frame does not necessarily lead to lower cooperation compared to a "give" frame but combining a "take" frame with fine-grained individual level feedback leads to more extreme behavior in terms of both greater cooperation and greater free-riding. We have also learned that a strategy based on payoff sampling may provide a more parsimonious and less parameter dependent way of modelling behavior in common pool resource extraction games. We find that people behave differently in social dilemmas when making decisions of their own as opposed to deciding on behalf of someone else.
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Scaling of Differential Equations. V. 2
The book serves both as a reference for various scaled models with corresponding dimensionless numbers, and as a resource for learning the art of scaling. A special feature of the book is the emphasis on how to create software for scaled models, based on existing software for unscaled models. Scaling (or non-dimensionalization) is a mathematical technique that greatly simplifies the setting of input parameters in numerical simulations. Moreover, scaling enhances the understanding of how different physical processes interact in a differential equation model.
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Теоретические основы информатики
В книге рассматриваются теоретические основы наиболее часто встречающихся информационных процессов: аналого-цифрового преобразования (сканирование), сжатия (архивация), передачи но каналам связи, поиска и аналитико-синтетической обработки информации. Авторы старались найти то общее, что позволяет рассматривать эти проблемы с единой энтропийно-корреляционной точки зрения. Учитывая повышенный интерес к обеспечению секретности передаваемых но каналам связи сообщений с одновременной организацией электронной подписи, авторы рассматривают одну из наиболее перспективных