Over the five years since the first edition, a number of developments required an updating of the text. The new edition incorporates these major changes including the enactment of the new French Civil Code in 2016, the new and expanded edition of the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts (PICC) in 2016, the publication of INCOTERMS 2020, and the adoption of the first comprehensive Chinese Civil Code (CCC), which will come into force on 1 January 2021. In addition, the book has been updated to include the constantly developing case law and the rapidly increasing literature on international sales law. The numbers of updates are too many to name but include recent events, such as a discussion of COVID-19 as a force majeure event, more in-depth discussion of agency law, and additional sample or model clauses. The 'Additional Sources' section has been updated with references to new secondary sources and scholarship. Another change is that references to the Common European Sales Law (CESL) have been limited to those issues and topics where the CESL offers solutions to practitioners and scholars in resolving practical and theoretical problems.